{"id":102800,"date":"2020-07-28T17:54:08","date_gmt":"2020-07-28T14:54:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.luga.bg\/blog\/%d0%b4-%d1%80-%d0%b3%d0%b5%d0%be%d1%80%d0%b3%d0%b8-%d0%b6%d0%b5%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%b2-%d0%bd%d0%b5-%d0%b8%d0%b7%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b7%d0%b2%d0%b0%d0%b9%d1%82%d0%b5-%d0%b7%d0%b0-%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%b7%d0%b8\/"},"modified":"2026-10-02T01:14:46","modified_gmt":"2026-10-01T22:14:46","slug":"dr-georgi-zelev-nedezinfikujte-si-ruky-domacou-palenkou-ani-denaturovanym-liehom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.luga.bg\/sk\/blog\/dr-georgi-zelev-nedezinfikujte-si-ruky-domacou-palenkou-ani-denaturovanym-liehom\/","title":{"rendered":"Dr. Georgi \u017delev: nedezinfikujte si ruky dom\u00e1cou p\u00e1lenkou ani denaturovan\u00fdm liehom"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>MUDr. Georgi \u017delev<\/strong> je pedag\u00f3gom na Tr\u00e1ckej univerzite a \u0161pecialistom na epidemiol\u00f3giu, infek\u010dn\u00e9 choroby a prevent\u00edvnu medic\u00ednu. Na za\u010diatku pand\u00e9mie COVID-19 (j\u00fal 2020) strach z n\u00e1kazy priviedol mnoh\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed k nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm \u201edom\u00e1cim\u201c met\u00f3dam dezinfekcie \u2013 metylalkoholom, nemrzn\u00facou zmesou alebo prv\u00fdm destil\u00e1tom z p\u00e1lenky. Tu s\u00fa jeho rady a nebezpe\u010denstv\u00e1, pred ktor\u00fdmi varuje.<\/p>\n<div class=\"lb-summary\">\n<p class=\"lb-summary-title\">Stru\u010dne<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nepou\u017e\u00edvajte<\/strong> lieh na p\u00e1lenie, prv\u00fd destil\u00e1t z p\u00e1lenky ani nemrzn\u00facu zmes \u2013 metylalkohol a etyl\u00e9nglykol sa vstreb\u00e1vaj\u00fa aj cez ko\u017eu a s\u00fa silne jedovat\u00e9.<\/li>\n<li>Na dezinfekciu pou\u017e\u00edvajte <strong>70 % etylalkohol<\/strong> \u2013 \u00fa\u010dinkuje lep\u0161ie ne\u017e 95 %.<\/li>\n<li>Pridajte 10 % glycer\u00ednu, aby nevysu\u0161oval poko\u017eku.<\/li>\n<li>Pri b\u00e1b\u00e4tk\u00e1ch a mal\u00fdch de\u0165och bu\u010fte s alkoholom opatrn\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>D\u00f4kladn\u00e9 um\u00fdvanie mydlom a teplou vodou je dostato\u010dne \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Ktor\u00fd alkohol je vhodn\u00fd na dezinfekciu?<\/h2>\n<p>\u201eNajlep\u0161\u00edm prostriedkom na dezinfekciu r\u00fak s\u00fa <a href=\"https:\/\/www.luga.bg\/sk\/product_category\/dezinfekcne-prostriedky-sk\/\">alkoholov\u00e9 dezinfek\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00edpravky<\/a>. V\u00edrus m\u00e1 lipidov\u00fd obal a alkoholy ho doslova za p\u00e1r sek\u00fand rozru\u0161ia,\u201c vysvet\u013euje MUDr. \u017delev. Alkoholy s\u00fa v\u0161ak r\u00f4zne \u2013 niektor\u00e9 s\u00fa vhodn\u00e9, in\u00e9 absol\u00fatne nevhodn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Vhodn\u00e9 s\u00fa <strong>etylalkohol (lieh)<\/strong>, <strong>izopropylalkohol<\/strong> a <strong>n-propanol<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou profesion\u00e1lnych dezinfek\u010dn\u00fdch pr\u00edpravkov na ruky.<\/p>\n<h2>Pre\u010do je lieh na p\u00e1lenie nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd<\/h2>\n<p>Mnoh\u00ed sa p\u00fdtaj\u00fa, \u010di m\u00f4\u017eu pou\u017ei\u0165 lieh na p\u00e1lenie. Kr\u00e1tka odpove\u010f znie <strong>nie<\/strong>. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina liehu na p\u00e1lenie obsahuje <strong>metylalkohol<\/strong> \u2013 silne toxick\u00fa l\u00e1tku, ktor\u00e1 m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 otravy. V Ir\u00e1ne desiatky \u013eud\u00ed pili metylalkohol, aby sa ochr\u00e1nili pred koronav\u00edrusom, a vy\u0161e 60 z nich zomrelo.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u013eud\u00ed vie, \u017ee metylalkohol sa nepije, no nevedia, \u017ee je nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd aj <strong>pri vonkaj\u0161om pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>vstreb\u00e1va sa cez ko\u017eu a dost\u00e1va sa do krvi;<\/li>\n<li>pri dezinfekcii povrchov, najm\u00e4 v uzavret\u00fdch priestoroch, sa jeho v\u00fdpary vdychuj\u00fa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Preto Eur\u00f3pska komisia v roku 2018 obmedzila obsah metylalkoholu v kvapalin\u00e1ch do ostrekova\u010dov na 0,6 % \u2013 v\u00fdpary vdychuj\u00fa cestuj\u00faci. V liehu na p\u00e1lenie je jeho koncentr\u00e1cia pribli\u017ene 93 %.<\/p>\n<p>V krvi pe\u010de\u0148 rozklad\u00e1 metylalkohol na formaldehyd \u2013 silne toxick\u00fa a karcinog\u00e9nnu l\u00e1tku \u2013 a n\u00e1sledne na kyselinu mrav\u010diu a \u010fal\u0161ie zl\u00fa\u010deniny, ktor\u00e9 sp\u00f4sobuj\u00fa \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 po\u0161kodenia.<\/p>\n<h2>Prv\u00fd destil\u00e1t \u2013 ani na natieranie<\/h2>\n<p>V \u017eiadnom pr\u00edpade nepou\u017e\u00edvajte na dezinfekciu ani tzv. <strong>prv\u00fd destil\u00e1t<\/strong> z dom\u00e1cej p\u00e1lenky \u2013 obsahuje najm\u00e4 metylalkohol. \u013dudia vedia, \u017ee ho nemaj\u00fa pi\u0165, no masovou chybou je pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ho na natieranie a mas\u00e1\u017ee bez toho, aby si uvedomili, \u017ee sa vstreb\u00e1va cez ko\u017eu.<\/p>\n<h2>Nemrzn\u00faca zmes<\/h2>\n<p>Nemrzn\u00faca zmes obsahuje etyl\u00e9nglykol \u2013 alkohol, ktor\u00fd nem\u00e1 antiv\u00edrusov\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok a je mimoriadne toxick\u00fd. K otrave m\u00f4\u017ee d\u00f4js\u0165 pri po\u017eit\u00ed, cez ko\u017eu pri \u201edezinfekcii\u201c r\u00fak alebo pri vd\u00fdchnut\u00ed jeho v\u00fdparov. Etyl\u00e9nglykol sp\u00f4sobuje ve\u013emi \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9, dokonca smrte\u013en\u00e9 po\u0161kodenia obli\u010diek a mozgu.<\/p>\n<div class=\"lb-tip\">\n<p class=\"lb-tip-title\">Pr\u00edznaky otravy metylalkoholom<\/p>\n<p>Objavuj\u00fa sa od nieko\u013ek\u00fdch min\u00fat a\u017e po nieko\u013eko hod\u00edn, dokonca dn\u00ed po kontakte: boles\u0165 hlavy, z\u00e1vraty, vracanie, probl\u00e9my so zrakom \u2013 tzv. \u201esnehov\u00e1 b\u00farka\u201c pred o\u010dami. Otrava sa m\u00f4\u017ee skon\u010di\u0165 k\u00f3mou a smr\u0165ou.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pri podozren\u00ed okam\u017eite volajte 112.<\/strong> Protijed (etylalkohol alebo \u0161peci\u00e1lny liek) sa pod\u00e1va v nemocnici. Rovnak\u00e1 lie\u010dba sa uplat\u0148uje aj pri otrave nemrzn\u00facou zmesou.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>70 % alebo 95 % lieh?<\/h2>\n<p>\u013dudia naj\u010dastej\u0161ie volia 95 % lieh, lebo si myslia, \u017ee vy\u0161\u0161ia koncentr\u00e1cia dezinfikuje lep\u0161ie. Pri liehu je to v\u0161ak naopak: <strong>95 % lieh je slab\u0161ia dezinfekcia ne\u017e 70 %<\/strong>. Pr\u00edli\u0161 r\u00fdchlo zr\u00e1\u017ea bielkoviny na povrchu ko\u017ee a mikr\u00f3bov, a tak neprenikne do h\u013abky \u2013 napr\u00edklad do p\u00f3rov \u2013 a \u00fa\u010dinok zost\u00e1va povrchov\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p>\u201eMoje odpor\u00fa\u010danie je pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 70 % lieh,\u201c hovor\u00ed MUDr. \u017delev. Aby nevysu\u0161oval poko\u017eku a aby sa neobjavili ranky a rag\u00e1dy, pridajte <strong>10 % glycer\u00ednu<\/strong> \u2013 na 1 liter liehu 100 ml glycer\u00ednu.<\/p>\n<p>Denaturovan\u00fd etylalkohol na technick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely \u2013 do ktor\u00e9ho sa prid\u00e1vaj\u00fa l\u00e1tky, aby nebol pitn\u00fd \u2013 sa tie\u017e d\u00e1 pou\u017ei\u0165 na dezinfekciu r\u00fak a povrchov, ale, samozrejme, nie na pitie.<\/p>\n<h2>Pozor pri de\u0165och<\/h2>\n<p>U dospel\u00fdch je pou\u017e\u00edvanie liehu na ruky a povrchy bezpe\u010dn\u00e9, no u det\u00ed m\u00f4\u017ee d\u00f4js\u0165 k <strong>otrave alkoholom cez ko\u017eu<\/strong> \u2013 najm\u00e4 pri \u010dastom pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed alebo na ve\u013ekej ploche. Op\u00edsan\u00e9 s\u00fa dokonca pr\u00edpady \u00famrtia b\u00e1b\u00e4tiek po natieran\u00ed p\u00e1lenkou. Preto pri mal\u00fdch de\u0165och pou\u017e\u00edvajte dezinfek\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00edpravky len v krajnej n\u00fadzi \u2013 opatrne a obmedzene.<\/p>\n<h2>Mydlo posta\u010d\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Dezinfekcia liehom nie je nevyhnutn\u00e1. D\u00f4kladn\u00e9 um\u00fdvanie r\u00fak <strong>teplou vodou a mydlom<\/strong> je dostato\u010dne \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 \u2013 mydlo rozru\u0161\u00ed povrchov\u00fa \u0161trukt\u00faru koronav\u00edrusu, doslova mu zoberie jeho \u201ekorunu\u201c. Pri \u010disten\u00ed telef\u00f3nov a k\u013eu\u010diek dver\u00ed mo\u017eno pri absencii 70 % liehu pou\u017ei\u0165 aj tvrd\u00fd alkohol ako vodku alebo p\u00e1lenku, hoci so slab\u0161\u00edm \u00fa\u010dinkom.<\/p>\n<p class=\"lb-source\">Zdroj: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.infoz.bg\/bulgaria\/6840-spirt-za-gorene-dezinfektsia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">infoz.bg<\/a>, j\u00fal 2020<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Epidemiol\u00f3g vysvet\u013euje, pre\u010do s\u00fa metylalkohol, prv\u00e1k a antifr\u00edz nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 aj na poko\u017eke, pre\u010do 70% alkohol dezinfikuje lep\u0161ie ako 95% a \u010do sta\u010d\u00ed \u2014 mydlo a tepl\u00e1 voda.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":102801,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4479],"tags":[4496,4490,4518,4517,4523,4602,4525,4590],"class_list":["post-102800","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-covid-19-sk-2","tag-alkohol-sk","tag-covid-19-sk-2","tag-dezinfekcia-sk","tag-dezinfekcne-prostriedky-sk","tag-etanol-sk","tag-lieh-sk","tag-ochrana-pred-virusmi-sk","tag-prvak-sk","post-with-thumbnail","post-with-thumbnail-icon"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.1 (Yoast SEO v28.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Dr. Georgi \u017delev: nedezinfikujte prv\u00e1kom a denaturovan\u00fdm liehom<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pre\u010do 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