{"id":103695,"date":"2020-07-28T17:54:08","date_gmt":"2020-07-28T14:54:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.luga.bg\/blog\/%d0%b4-%d1%80-%d0%b3%d0%b5%d0%be%d1%80%d0%b3%d0%b8-%d0%b6%d0%b5%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%b2-%d0%bd%d0%b5-%d0%b8%d0%b7%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b7%d0%b2%d0%b0%d0%b9%d1%82%d0%b5-%d0%b7%d0%b0-%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%b7%d0%b8\/"},"modified":"2026-10-02T23:42:07","modified_gmt":"2026-10-02T20:42:07","slug":"dr-georgi-zselev-ne-fertotlenitse-a-kezet-elsoparlattal-es-denaturalt-szesszel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.luga.bg\/hu\/blog\/dr-georgi-zselev-ne-fertotlenitse-a-kezet-elsoparlattal-es-denaturalt-szesszel\/","title":{"rendered":"Dr. Georgi Zselev: ne fert\u0151tlen\u00edtse a kez\u00e9t els\u0151p\u00e1rlattal \u00e9s denatur\u00e1lt szesszel"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Dr. Georgi Zselev<\/strong> a Tr\u00e1kiai Egyetem oktat\u00f3ja, epidemiol\u00f3gus, fert\u0151z\u0151 betegs\u00e9gek \u00e9s megel\u0151z\u0151 orvosl\u00e1s szak\u00e9rt\u0151je. A COVID-19 vil\u00e1gj\u00e1rv\u00e1ny kezdet\u00e9n (2020 j\u00falius\u00e1ban) a fert\u0151z\u00e9st\u0151l val\u00f3 f\u00e9lelem sok embert vitt r\u00e1 vesz\u00e9lyes \u201eh\u00e1zi\u201d fert\u0151tlen\u00edt\u00e9si m\u00f3dszerekre \u2014 metil-alkohollal, fagy\u00e1ll\u00f3val vagy a p\u00e1linka el\u0151p\u00e1rlat\u00e1val. \u00cdme a tan\u00e1csai \u00e9s azok a vesz\u00e9lyek, amelyekre figyelmeztet.<\/p>\n<div class=\"lb-summary\">\n<p class=\"lb-summary-title\">R\u00f6viden<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ne haszn\u00e1ljon<\/strong> \u00e9get\u0151szeszt, p\u00e1linka-el\u0151p\u00e1rlatot vagy fagy\u00e1ll\u00f3t \u2014 a metil-alkohol \u00e9s az etil\u00e9nglikol a b\u0151r\u00f6n kereszt\u00fcl is felsz\u00edv\u00f3dik, \u00e9s er\u0151sen m\u00e9rgez\u0151.<\/li>\n<li>Fert\u0151tlen\u00edt\u00e9sre haszn\u00e1ljon <strong>70%-os etil-alkoholt<\/strong> \u2014 ez jobban hat, mint a 95%-os.<\/li>\n<li>Adjon hozz\u00e1 10% glicerint, hogy ne sz\u00e1r\u00edtsa ki a b\u0151rt.<\/li>\n<li>Csecsem\u0151kn\u00e9l \u00e9s kisgyermekekn\u00e9l \u00f3vatosan b\u00e1njon az alkohollal.<\/li>\n<li>A szappannal \u00e9s meleg v\u00edzzel v\u00e9gzett alapos k\u00e9zmos\u00e1s \u00f6nmag\u00e1ban is el\u00e9g hat\u00e9kony.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Melyik alkohol alkalmas fert\u0151tlen\u00edt\u00e9sre?<\/h2>\n<p>\u201eA k\u00e9zfert\u0151tlen\u00edt\u00e9s legjobb eszk\u00f6zei az <a href=\"https:\/\/www.luga.bg\/hu\/product_category\/fertotlenitoszerek-hu\/\">alkoholos fert\u0151tlen\u00edt\u0151szerek<\/a>. A v\u00edrusnak lipidburka van, \u00e9s az alkoholok ezt sz\u00f3 szerint m\u00e1sodpercek alatt lebontj\u00e1k\u201d \u2014 magyar\u00e1zza Dr. Zselev. Az alkoholok azonban k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151ek: egyesek alkalmasak, m\u00e1sok teljess\u00e9ggel alkalmatlanok.<\/p>\n<p>Alkalmas az <strong>etil-alkohol (szesz)<\/strong>, az <strong>izopropil-alkohol<\/strong> \u00e9s az <strong>n-propanol<\/strong>, amelyek a professzion\u00e1lis k\u00e9zfert\u0151tlen\u00edt\u0151k \u00f6sszetev\u0151i.<\/p>\n<h2>Mi\u00e9rt vesz\u00e9lyes az \u00e9get\u0151szesz<\/h2>\n<p>Sokan k\u00e9rdezik, haszn\u00e1lhatnak-e \u00e9get\u0151szeszt. A r\u00f6vid v\u00e1lasz: <strong>nem<\/strong>. Az \u00e9get\u0151szesz nagy r\u00e9sze <strong>metil-alkoholt<\/strong> tartalmaz \u2014 ez er\u0151sen m\u00e9rgez\u0151 anyag, amely s\u00falyos m\u00e9rgez\u00e9shez vezethet. Ir\u00e1nban t\u00f6bb tucatnyian ittak metil-alkoholt, hogy v\u00e9dekezzenek a koronav\u00edrus ellen, \u00e9s t\u00f6bb mint 60-an belehaltak.<\/p>\n<p>A legt\u00f6bben tudj\u00e1k, hogy a metil-alkoholt nem szabad meginni, de azt nem, hogy <strong>k\u00fcls\u0151leg alkalmazva<\/strong> is vesz\u00e9lyes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>felsz\u00edv\u00f3dik a b\u0151r\u00f6n \u00e1t, \u00e9s beker\u00fcl a v\u00e9r\u00e1ramba;<\/li>\n<li>fel\u00fcletek fert\u0151tlen\u00edt\u00e9sekor, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen z\u00e1rt helyis\u00e9gben, bel\u00e9legezz\u00fck a g\u0151zeit.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ez\u00e9rt korl\u00e1tozta az Eur\u00f3pai Bizotts\u00e1g 2018-ban a metil-alkohol ar\u00e1ny\u00e1t az ablakmos\u00f3 folyad\u00e9kokban 0,6%-ra \u2014 a p\u00e1r\u00e1kat ugyanis az utasok bel\u00e9legzik. Az \u00e9get\u0151szeszben a koncentr\u00e1ci\u00f3ja mintegy 93%.<\/p>\n<p>A v\u00e9r\u00e1ramban a m\u00e1j a metil-alkoholt formaldehidd\u00e9 bontja le \u2014 ez er\u0151sen m\u00e9rgez\u0151 \u00e9s r\u00e1kkelt\u0151 anyag \u2014, majd hangyasavv\u00e1 \u00e9s egy\u00e9b vegy\u00fcletekk\u00e9, amelyek s\u00falyos k\u00e1rosod\u00e1sokat okoznak.<\/p>\n<h2>Az el\u0151p\u00e1rlat \u2014 bed\u00f6rzs\u00f6l\u00e9sre sem<\/h2>\n<p>Semmik\u00e9ppen ne haszn\u00e1lja fert\u0151tlen\u00edt\u00e9sre a h\u00e1zi p\u00e1linka \u00fagynevezett <strong>el\u0151p\u00e1rlat\u00e1t<\/strong> sem \u2014 ez f\u0151k\u00e9nt metil-alkoholt tartalmaz. Az emberek tudj\u00e1k, hogy meginni nem szabad, de t\u00f6megesen elk\u00f6vetett hiba, hogy bed\u00f6rzs\u00f6l\u00e9sre \u00e9s massz\u00edroz\u00e1sra haszn\u00e1lj\u00e1k, nem gondolva arra, hogy a b\u0151r\u00f6n \u00e1t felsz\u00edv\u00f3dik.<\/p>\n<h2>A fagy\u00e1ll\u00f3<\/h2>\n<p>A fagy\u00e1ll\u00f3 etil\u00e9nglikolt tartalmaz \u2014 ez olyan alkohol, amelynek nincs v\u00edrus\u00f6l\u0151 hat\u00e1sa, viszont rendk\u00edv\u00fcl m\u00e9rgez\u0151. M\u00e9rgez\u00e9s bek\u00f6vetkezhet lenyel\u00e9skor, a b\u0151r\u00f6n \u00e1t a k\u00e9z \u201efert\u0151tlen\u00edt\u00e9sekor\u201d, illetve a g\u0151zeinek bel\u00e9legz\u00e9sekor. Az etil\u00e9nglikol nagyon s\u00falyos, ak\u00e1r hal\u00e1los vese- \u00e9s agyk\u00e1rosod\u00e1st okoz.<\/p>\n<div class=\"lb-tip\">\n<p class=\"lb-tip-title\">A metil-alkohol-m\u00e9rgez\u00e9s jelei<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e9h\u00e1ny perct\u0151l n\u00e9h\u00e1ny \u00f3r\u00e1ig, s\u0151t napokig terjed\u0151 id\u0151 m\u00falva jelentkeznek az \u00e9rintkez\u00e9s ut\u00e1n: fejf\u00e1j\u00e1s, sz\u00e9d\u00fcl\u00e9s, h\u00e1ny\u00e1s, l\u00e1t\u00e1szavarok \u2014 az \u00fagynevezett \u201eh\u00f3vihar\u201d a szem el\u0151tt. A m\u00e9rgez\u00e9s k\u00f3m\u00e1val \u00e9s hal\u00e1llal is v\u00e9gz\u0151dhet.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Gyan\u00fa eset\u00e9n azonnal h\u00edvja a 112-t.<\/strong> Az ellenm\u00e9rget (etil-alkohol vagy speci\u00e1lis gy\u00f3gyszer) k\u00f3rh\u00e1zban adj\u00e1k be. Ugyanez a kezel\u00e9s fagy\u00e1ll\u00f3val t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt m\u00e9rgez\u00e9s eset\u00e9n is.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>70%-os vagy 95%-os szesz?<\/h2>\n<p>A legt\u00f6bben a 95%-os szeszt v\u00e1lasztj\u00e1k, mert azt hiszik, hogy a magasabb koncentr\u00e1ci\u00f3 jobban fert\u0151tlen\u00edt. A szeszn\u00e9l azonban ford\u00edtott a helyzet: <strong>a 95%-os szesz gyeng\u00e9bb fert\u0151tlen\u00edt\u0151, mint a 70%-os<\/strong>. T\u00fal gyorsan kicsapja a feh\u00e9rj\u00e9ket a b\u0151r \u00e9s a mikrob\u00e1k felsz\u00edn\u00e9n, \u00edgy nem hatol a m\u00e9lybe \u2014 p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a p\u00f3rusokba \u2014, \u00e9s a hat\u00e1s fel\u00fcletes marad.<\/p>\n<p>\u201eAzt javaslom, hogy 70%-os szeszt haszn\u00e1ljanak\u201d \u2014 mondja Dr. Zselev. Hogy ne sz\u00e1r\u00edtsa ki a b\u0151rt, \u00e9s ne alakuljanak ki sebek \u00e9s bereped\u00e9sek, adjon hozz\u00e1 <strong>10% glicerint<\/strong> \u2014 1 liter szeszhez 100 ml glicerint.<\/p>\n<p>A m\u0171szaki c\u00e9l\u00fa denatur\u00e1lt etil-alkohol \u2014 amelyhez olyan anyagokat adnak, hogy ne lehessen meginni \u2014 szint\u00e9n haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 k\u00e9z \u00e9s fel\u00fcletek fert\u0151tlen\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re, de term\u00e9szetesen iv\u00e1sra nem.<\/p>\n<h2>Figyelem a gyermekekn\u00e9l<\/h2>\n<p>Feln\u0151ttekn\u00e9l a szesz haszn\u00e1lata k\u00e9zen \u00e9s fel\u00fcleteken biztons\u00e1gos, gyermekekn\u00e9l azonban <strong>a b\u0151r\u00f6n \u00e1t alkoholm\u00e9rgez\u00e9s<\/strong> alakulhat ki \u2014 k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen gyakori haszn\u00e1latkor vagy nagy fel\u00fcleten. Le\u00edrtak m\u00e1r hal\u00e1los eseteket is csecsem\u0151kn\u00e9l p\u00e1link\u00e1s bed\u00f6rzs\u00f6l\u00e9s ut\u00e1n. Ez\u00e9rt kisgyermekekn\u00e9l csak v\u00e9gsz\u00fcks\u00e9g eset\u00e9n haszn\u00e1ljon fert\u0151tlen\u00edt\u0151szert \u2014 \u00f3vatosan \u00e9s korl\u00e1tozott m\u00e9rt\u00e9kben.<\/p>\n<h2>A szappan elegend\u0151<\/h2>\n<p>A szesszel t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 fert\u0151tlen\u00edt\u00e9s nem k\u00f6telez\u0151. A <strong>meleg v\u00edzzel \u00e9s szappannal<\/strong> v\u00e9gzett alapos k\u00e9zmos\u00e1s el\u00e9g hat\u00e9kony \u2014 a szappan lebontja a koronav\u00edrus felsz\u00edni szerkezet\u00e9t, sz\u00f3 szerint leveszi a \u201ekoron\u00e1j\u00e1t\u201d. Telefonok \u00e9s kilincsek tiszt\u00edt\u00e1sakor, ha nincs 70%-os szesz, t\u00f6m\u00e9ny alkohol, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul vodka vagy p\u00e1linka is haszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3, b\u00e1r gyeng\u00e9bb hat\u00e1ssal.<\/p>\n<p class=\"lb-source\">Forr\u00e1s: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.infoz.bg\/bulgaria\/6840-spirt-za-gorene-dezinfektsia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">infoz.bg<\/a>, 2020. j\u00falius<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A j\u00e1rv\u00e1ny\u00fcgyi szak\u00e9rt\u0151 elmagyar\u00e1zza, mi\u00e9rt vesz\u00e9lyes a metil-alkohol, az el\u0151p\u00e1rlat \u00e9s a fagy\u00e1ll\u00f3 m\u00e9g a b\u0151r\u00f6n is, mi\u00e9rt fert\u0151tlen\u00edt jobban a 70%-os alkohol a 95%-osn\u00e1l, \u00e9s mi az, ami val\u00f3j\u00e1ban el\u00e9g: szappan \u00e9s meleg v\u00edz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":103696,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4895],"tags":[4912,5018,4906,5006,4939,4934,4933,4941],"class_list":["post-103695","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-covid-19-hu-2","tag-alkohol-hu","tag-alkohol-hu-2","tag-covid-19-hu-2","tag-elso-osztalyu-hu","tag-etanol-hu","tag-fertotlenites-hu","tag-fertotlenitoszerek-hu","tag-virusok-elleni-vedelem-hu","post-with-thumbnail","post-with-thumbnail-icon"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.1 (Yoast SEO v28.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Dr. Georgi Zselev: ne fert\u0151tlen\u00edtsen els\u0151 f\u0151z\u00e9s\u0171 p\u00e1link\u00e1val \u00e9s 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