{"id":101904,"date":"2020-07-28T17:54:08","date_gmt":"2020-07-28T14:54:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.luga.bg\/blog\/%d0%b4-%d1%80-%d0%b3%d0%b5%d0%be%d1%80%d0%b3%d0%b8-%d0%b6%d0%b5%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%b2-%d0%bd%d0%b5-%d0%b8%d0%b7%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%b7%d0%b2%d0%b0%d0%b9%d1%82%d0%b5-%d0%b7%d0%b0-%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%b7-2\/"},"modified":"2026-10-01T03:16:41","modified_gmt":"2026-10-01T00:16:41","slug":"dr-georgi-zelev-nedezinfikujte-si-ruce-domaci-palenkou-ani-lihem-na-paleni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.luga.bg\/cs\/blog\/dr-georgi-zelev-nedezinfikujte-si-ruce-domaci-palenkou-ani-lihem-na-paleni\/","title":{"rendered":"Dr. Georgi \u017delev: nedezinfikujte si ruce dom\u00e1c\u00ed p\u00e1lenkou ani lihem na p\u00e1len\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Dr. Georgi \u017delev<\/strong> p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed na Thr\u00e1ck\u00e9 univerzit\u011b a je specialistou na epidemiologii, infek\u010dn\u00ed nemoci a preventivn\u00ed medic\u00ednu. Na za\u010d\u00e1tku pandemie COVID-19 (\u010dervenec 2020) p\u0159im\u011bl strach z n\u00e1kazy mnoho lid\u00ed k nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm \u201edom\u00e1c\u00edm\u201c metod\u00e1m dezinfekce \u2013 metylalkoholem, nemrznouc\u00ed sm\u011bs\u00ed nebo \u00fakapem. Zde jsou jeho rady a rizika, p\u0159ed kter\u00fdmi varuje.<\/p>\n<div class=\"lb-summary\">\n<p class=\"lb-summary-title\">Ve zkratce<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nepou\u017e\u00edvejte<\/strong> l\u00edh na p\u00e1len\u00ed, \u00fakap z dom\u00e1c\u00ed p\u00e1lenky ani nemrznouc\u00ed sm\u011bs \u2013 metylalkohol a etylenglykol se vst\u0159eb\u00e1vaj\u00ed i k\u016f\u017e\u00ed a jsou siln\u011b jedovat\u00e9.<\/li>\n<li>K dezinfekci pou\u017e\u00edvejte <strong>70% etylalkohol<\/strong> \u2013 \u00fa\u010dinkuje l\u00e9pe ne\u017e 95%.<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159idejte 10 % glycerinu, aby nevysu\u0161oval poko\u017eku.<\/li>\n<li>U kojenc\u016f a mal\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed bu\u010fte s alkoholem opatrn\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>D\u016fkladn\u00e9 myt\u00ed m\u00fddlem a teplou vodou je dostate\u010dn\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Kter\u00fd alkohol je vhodn\u00fd k dezinfekci?<\/h2>\n<p>\u201eNejlep\u0161\u00edm prost\u0159edkem k dezinfekci rukou jsou <a href=\"https:\/\/www.luga.bg\/cs\/product_category\/dezinfekcni-prostredky-cs\/\">alkoholov\u00e9 dezinfekce<\/a>. Virus m\u00e1 lipidov\u00fd obal a alkoholy ho doslova b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika sekund zni\u010d\u00ed,\u201c vysv\u011btluje dr. \u017delev. Alkoholy se v\u0161ak li\u0161\u00ed \u2013 n\u011bkter\u00e9 jsou vhodn\u00e9, jin\u00e9 naprosto nevhodn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Vhodn\u00e9 jsou <strong>etylalkohol (l\u00edh)<\/strong>, <strong>izopropylalkohol<\/strong> a <strong>n-propanol<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch dezinfekc\u00edch na ruce.<\/p>\n<h2>Pro\u010d je l\u00edh na p\u00e1len\u00ed nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd<\/h2>\n<p>Mnoho lid\u00ed se pt\u00e1, zda mohou pou\u017e\u00edt l\u00edh na p\u00e1len\u00ed. Kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 odpov\u011b\u010f zn\u00ed <strong>ne<\/strong>. V\u011bt\u0161ina lihu na p\u00e1len\u00ed obsahuje <strong>metylalkohol<\/strong> \u2013 vysoce toxickou l\u00e1tku, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 otravy. V \u00cdr\u00e1nu des\u00edtky lid\u00ed pily metylalkohol, aby se ochr\u00e1nily p\u0159ed koronavirem, a v\u00edce ne\u017e 60 z nich zem\u0159elo.<\/p>\n<p>V\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed v\u00ed, \u017ee se metylalkohol nesm\u00ed p\u00edt, ale nev\u00ed, \u017ee je nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd i <strong>p\u0159i vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1 se k\u016f\u017e\u00ed a dost\u00e1v\u00e1 se do krve;<\/li>\n<li>p\u0159i dezinfekci povrch\u016f, zejm\u00e9na v uzav\u0159en\u00fdch prostor\u00e1ch, se jeho v\u00fdpary vdechuj\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Proto Evropsk\u00e1 komise v roce 2018 omezila obsah metylalkoholu v kapalin\u00e1ch do ost\u0159ikova\u010d\u016f na 0,6 % \u2013 jeho v\u00fdpary vdechuj\u00ed cestuj\u00edc\u00ed. V lihu na p\u00e1len\u00ed je jeho koncentrace kolem 93 %.<\/p>\n<p>V krvi j\u00e1tra metylalkohol rozkl\u00e1daj\u00ed na formaldehyd \u2013 siln\u011b toxickou a karcinogenn\u00ed l\u00e1tku \u2013 a n\u00e1sledn\u011b na kyselinu mraven\u010d\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed slou\u010deniny, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 po\u0161kozen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00dakap \u2013 ani na nat\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>K dezinfekci v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nepou\u017e\u00edvejte ani tzv. <strong>\u00fakap<\/strong>, tedy prvn\u00ed destil\u00e1t z dom\u00e1c\u00ed p\u00e1lenky \u2013 obsahuje p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b metylalkohol. Lid\u00e9 v\u011bd\u00ed, \u017ee se nesm\u00ed p\u00edt, ale \u010dastou chybou je pou\u017e\u00edvat ho na nat\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed a mas\u00e1\u017ee, ani\u017e by si uv\u011bdomovali, \u017ee se vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1 k\u016f\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2>Nemrznouc\u00ed sm\u011bs<\/h2>\n<p>Nemrznouc\u00ed sm\u011bs obsahuje etylenglykol \u2013 alkohol, kter\u00fd nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd antivirov\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek a je mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b toxick\u00fd. K otrav\u011b m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt po po\u017eit\u00ed, p\u0159es k\u016f\u017ei p\u0159i \u201edezinfekci\u201c rukou nebo p\u0159i vdechnut\u00ed jeho v\u00fdpar\u016f. Etylenglykol zp\u016fsobuje velmi t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1, a\u017e smrteln\u00e1 po\u0161kozen\u00ed ledvin a mozku.<\/p>\n<div class=\"lb-tip\">\n<p class=\"lb-tip-title\">P\u0159\u00edznaky otravy metylalkoholem<\/p>\n<p>Objevuj\u00ed se od n\u011bkolika minut po n\u011bkolik hodin, a dokonce dn\u016f po kontaktu: bolest hlavy, z\u00e1vrat\u011b, zvracen\u00ed, poruchy zraku \u2013 tzv. \u201esn\u011bhov\u00e1 bou\u0159e\u201c p\u0159ed o\u010dima. Otrava m\u016f\u017ee skon\u010dit k\u00f3matem a smrt\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u0159i podez\u0159en\u00ed ihned volejte 112.<\/strong> Protijed (etylalkohol nebo speci\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e9k) se pod\u00e1v\u00e1 v nemocnici. Stejn\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 i p\u0159i otrav\u011b nemrznouc\u00ed sm\u011bs\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>70%, nebo 95% l\u00edh?<\/h2>\n<p>Lid\u00e9 nej\u010dast\u011bji vol\u00ed 95% l\u00edh, proto\u017ee si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed koncentrace dezinfikuje l\u00e9pe. U lihu je to v\u0161ak naopak: <strong>95% l\u00edh je slab\u0161\u00ed dezinfekc\u00ed ne\u017e 70%<\/strong>. P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 rychle sraz\u00ed b\u00edlkoviny na povrchu k\u016f\u017ee i mikrob\u016f, a tak nepronikne do hloubky \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad do p\u00f3r\u016f \u2013 a \u00fa\u010dinek z\u016fstane jen povrchov\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p>\u201eDoporu\u010duji pou\u017e\u00edvat 70% l\u00edh,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 dr. \u017delev. Aby nevysu\u0161oval poko\u017eku a nevznikaly ranky a rag\u00e1dy, p\u0159idejte <strong>10 % glycerinu<\/strong> \u2013 na 1 litr lihu 100 ml glycerinu.<\/p>\n<p>Denaturovan\u00fd etylalkohol pro technick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely \u2013 do kter\u00e9ho se p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed l\u00e1tky, aby nebyl pitn\u00fd \u2013 lze rovn\u011b\u017e pou\u017e\u00edt k dezinfekci rukou a povrch\u016f, ale samoz\u0159ejm\u011b ne k pit\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2>Pozor u d\u011bt\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>U dosp\u011bl\u00fdch je pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed lihu na ruce a povrchy bezpe\u010dn\u00e9, u d\u011bt\u00ed v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k <strong>otrav\u011b alkoholem p\u0159es k\u016f\u017ei<\/strong> \u2013 zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i \u010dast\u00e9m pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed nebo na velk\u00e9 plo\u0161e. Pops\u00e1ny byly i p\u0159\u00edpady \u00famrt\u00ed kojenc\u016f po nat\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u00e1lenkou. U mal\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed proto pou\u017e\u00edvejte dezinfekci jen v krajn\u00ed nouzi \u2013 opatrn\u011b a omezen\u011b.<\/p>\n<h2>M\u00fddlo sta\u010d\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Dezinfekce lihem nen\u00ed nutnost\u00ed. D\u016fkladn\u00e9 myt\u00ed rukou <strong>teplou vodou a m\u00fddlem<\/strong> je dostate\u010dn\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 \u2013 m\u00fddlo naru\u0161\u00ed povrchovou strukturu koronaviru, doslova mu sund\u00e1 \u201ekorunu\u201c. P\u0159i \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed telefon\u016f a klik u dve\u0159\u00ed lze v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee nem\u00e1te 70% l\u00edh, pou\u017e\u00edt i tvrd\u00fd alkohol, nap\u0159\u00edklad vodku nebo p\u00e1lenku, by\u0165 s men\u0161\u00edm \u00fa\u010dinkem.<\/p>\n<p class=\"lb-source\">Zdroj: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.infoz.bg\/bulgaria\/6840-spirt-za-gorene-dezinfektsia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">infoz.bg<\/a>, \u010dervenec 2020<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Epidemiolog vysv\u011btluje, pro\u010d jsou metylalkohol, prvn\u00ed destil\u00e1t a nemrznouc\u00ed kapalina nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 i na k\u016f\u017ei, pro\u010d 70% l\u00edh dezinfikuje l\u00e9pe ne\u017e 95% a co bohat\u011b sta\u010d\u00ed \u2013 m\u00fddlo a tepl\u00e1 voda.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":101905,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4072],"tags":[4089,4083,4111,4110,4116,4195,4118,4183],"class_list":["post-101904","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-covid-19-cs-2","tag-alkohol-cs","tag-covid-19-cs-2","tag-desinfekce-cs","tag-dezinfekce-cs","tag-ethanol-cs","tag-lih-cs","tag-ochrana-pred-viry-cs","tag-prvak-cs","post-with-thumbnail","post-with-thumbnail-icon"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.1 (Yoast SEO v28.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>MUDr. Georgi \u017delev: nedezinfikujte samohonkou ani technick\u00fdm alkoholem<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pro\u010d jsou metanol, prvn\u00ed destil\u00e1t (\u00fakap) a nemrznouc\u00ed sm\u011bs nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 i p\u0159i vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pou\u017eit\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edznaky otravy, pro\u010d je 70% l\u00edh lep\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 95% a jak bezpe\u010dn\u011b dezinfikovat.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.luga.bg\/cs\/blog\/dr-georgi-zelev-nedezinfikujte-si-ruce-domaci-palenkou-ani-lihem-na-paleni\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dr. Georgi \u017delev: nedezinfikujte si ruce dom\u00e1c\u00ed p\u00e1lenkou ani lihem na p\u00e1len\u00ed\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Pro\u010d jsou metanol, prvn\u00ed destil\u00e1t (\u00fakap) a nemrznouc\u00ed sm\u011bs nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 i p\u0159i vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pou\u017eit\u00ed, 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